纽约时报中文网 - 中英对照版-中英美日菲三国深化安全和经济关系共同抗衡中国

President Biden used a first-ever joint meeting with the leaders of Japan and the Philippines on Thursday to expand a web of security and economic alliances in the Indo-Pacific that American officials believe will serve as a shield against Chinese aggression.

周四，拜登总统利用与日本和菲律宾领导人举行的首次联合会议，扩大了在印太地区的安全和经济联盟网络，美国官员认为这将成为抵御中国侵略的盾牌。

Flanked by his counterparts and his top diplomatic aides at the White House, Mr. Biden said the countries were “deepening our maritime and security ties” and offered a blunt message clearly aimed at China’s actions in the South China Sea.

在日菲领导人和他的高级外交助手陪同下，拜登在白宫表示，三国正在“深化我们的海洋和安全关系”，并发出了明确针对中国在南海行动的直接信息。

“I want to be clear, the United States defense commitments to Japan and to the Philippines are ironclad,” Mr. Biden said.

“我想明确表示，美国对日本和菲律宾的防务承诺是坚不可摧的，”拜登说。

Jake Sullivan, the White House national security adviser, has described the diplomatic effort in Southeast Asia as one of a series of endeavors by like-minded nations to push back against China’s activities in trade, technology and military aggression.

白宫国家安全顾问沙利文将美国在东南亚的外交描述为志同道合的国家为反击中国的贸易、技术和军事侵略所做的一系列努力之一。

The goal is different than that in Europe, where nations came together after World War II in a single alliance known as NATO. Instead of a single group, the United States and countries in the region are forming smaller, overlapping partnerships aimed at ensuring they can withstand Chinese pressure, analysts say.

美国的目标与欧洲不同，在欧洲，各国在“二战”后聚集在一起，组成了一个名为北约的单一联盟。分析人士称，美国和亚太地区的国家正在形成规模较小、相互重叠的伙伴关系，以确保它们能够抵御中国的压力，而不是形成一个单一的集团。

“China uses a quite powerful mix of coercion, international trade, along with its growing naval power,” said Rana Mitter, a professor at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government. He said that the United States, Japan and the Philippines are seeking to demonstrate that they “have an ecosystem of different allies trying to give an answer” to that kind of pressure.

哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院教授拉纳·米特说，“中国将胁迫、国际贸易，以及不断增强的海军力量结合在一起使用，威力相当强大。”他说，美国、日本和菲律宾正试图证明，它们“拥有一个由不同盟友组成的生态系统”，试图对这种压力做出回应。

That strategy was on display Thursday when all three leaders stressed the necessity of unity, even though none called out China by name.

这一策略在周四得到了体现，三位领导人都强调了团结的必要性，尽管没有人点名中国。

Prime Minister Fumio Kishida of Japan declared that “multilayered cooperation is essential” to the future of the region. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. of the Philippines said the meeting highlights three countries “linked by a profound respect for democracy, good governance and the rule of law.”

日本首相岸田文雄称，对该地区的未来而言，“多层次合作至关重要”。菲律宾总统费迪南德·马科斯说，这次会议突出了三个国家“因对民主、善政和法治的深刻尊重而联系在一起”。

Mr. Biden concluded: “When we stand as one, we are able to forge a better peace for all.”

拜登总结说：“当我们团结一致，就能为所有人缔造更好的和平。”

It is unlikely that bolstering the alliances would provide a short-term solution to the problem of Beijing’s harassment of Philippine ships in the South China Sea, which the United States and its allies have said is a violation of international law and must stop.

加强同盟关系不太可能在短期内解决北京在南海骚扰菲律宾船只的问题，美国及其盟友称这种行为违反了国际法，必须停止。

But Biden administration officials said the meeting of the three leaders demonstrated to China even stronger military and diplomatic unity among the leaders of the three allies.

但拜登政府官员表示，三国领导人的会晤向中国表明，他们在军事和外交上更加团结。

Chinese coast guard ships have been ramming Philippine vessels, blasting them with water cannons and aiming lasers at their crews in what the United States condemns as “coercive and unlawful tactics” in one of the most crucial waterways in the world.

中国海警船一直在冲撞菲律宾船只，用高压水枪轰击菲律宾船只，并用激光瞄准船员，美国谴责这种行为是在世界上最重要的水道之一采取“胁迫和非法手段”。

So far, the Chinese provocations have fallen short of the kinds of attacks that would trigger the military defense pact that the United States and the Philippines signed in 1951.

到目前为止，中国的挑衅行为还没有达到触发美国和菲律宾1951年签署的军事防御协议的程度。

One U.S. official, speaking on the condition of anonymity to discuss the meeting before it convened, called the issue of security in the South China Sea a “pillar” of the discussions.

一名因在会议之前讨论相关问题而要求匿名的美国官员称，南海安全问题是此次讨论的“支柱”。

“The U.S., Japan, and the Philippines are three closely aligned maritime democracies with increasingly convergent strategic objectives and interests,” Mr. Sullivan said on Tuesday. “Just this past week, our three countries and Australia held joint naval drills in the South China Sea.”

“美国、日本和菲律宾是三个紧密联盟的海上民主国家，战略目标和利益日益趋同，”沙利文周二说。“就在上周，我们三国和澳大利亚在南海举行了联合海军演习。”

Officials said there would be similar drills in the months ahead as the nations continue to assert the freedom of travel through international waters that China claims as its own.

官员们表示，随着三国继续维护在中国声称拥有主权的国际水域的航行自由，未来几个月还将举行类似的演习。

Mr. Mitter said that the prospect of future naval drills — potentially near the Philippines — would be one of the strongest messages the three countries could send. China has asserted greater control over the South China Sea over the years, trying to expand its military footprint in the region.

米特说，未来可能在菲律宾附近举行海军演习将是三国能够传递出的最强烈的信息之一。多年来，中国一直主张加强对南海的控制，试图扩大在该地区的军事存在。

“I think they would take it seriously,” he said of the Chinese leadership, noting that the demonstration of military unity could prompt the government there to scale back the harassment in the short run.

“我认为他们会认真对待这件事，”他在谈到中国领导人时说。他指出，军事团结的表现可能会促使中国政府在短期内减少骚扰。

But he added that in the long run, Japan and the Philippines were increasingly eager to establish a web of alliances with each other that could survive even if the United States were to scale back its engagement under a more isolationist administration if former President Donald J. Trump won a second term.

但他还说，从长远来看，日本和菲律宾越来越渴望建立彼此之间的联盟网络，即使前总统特朗普赢得第二任期，美国在一个更加孤立主义的政府下缩减与菲律宾的接触，这种联盟也能维持下去。

“That could be very difficult,” he said about a possible victory by Mr. Trump. “America’s allies in the region are very keen for the us to stay in the region and have a presence there.”

“这可能会非常难，”他在谈到特朗普可能获胜时说。“美国在该地区的盟友非常希望美国留下并保持存在。”

The meeting of the three leaders comes a day after Mr. Biden hosted Mr. Kishida at the White House for meetings and a state dinner. The two men discussed China’s military and economic aggression but also announced a series of new initiatives to foster more cooperation on the economy, space exploration, technology and research.

在三国领导人会晤的前一天，拜登在白宫会见了岸田文雄，并举行了国宴。两人讨论了中国的军事和经济侵略，还宣布了一系列新举措，促进在经济、太空探索等领域的更多合作。

Officials for the three countries issued a similar list of announcements after Thursday’s meeting.

三国官员在周四的会议后发布了类似的公告。

The officials said the countries would make new investments in infrastructure projects in the Philippines aimed at improving what they called “high-impact” projects such as ports, rail, clean energy and semiconductor supply chains.

官员们表示，三国将对菲律宾的基础设施项目进行新的投资，旨在改善他们所称的“高影响力”项目，如港口、铁路、清洁能源和半导体供应链。

They also unveiled new efforts by the United States and Japan to install radio access network technology in the Philippines, a modernization aiming to improve wireless communications throughout the region.

他们还公布了美国和日本在菲律宾安装无线接入网络技术的新努力，这一现代化举措旨在改善整个地区的无线通信。

The officials also promised new collaborations among the three nations on global humanitarian assistance efforts and even greater cooperation among the countries’ militaries.

官员们还承诺三国在全球人道主义援助方面开展新的合作，并加强三国军队之间的合作。