纽约时报中文网 - 中英对照版-中英华裔新人当选加拿大国会议员中国帮忙了吗
December 5, 2023 9 min 1849 words
随手搬运西方主流媒体的所谓的民主自由的报道，让帝国主义的丑恶嘴脸无处遁形。
The newcomer landed in a district of northern Toronto and announced his bid for Canada’s Parliament. Though few knew him, an important factor helped offset his lack of name recognition — the backing of prominent local Chinese-Canadians.
这位新人来到多伦多北部的一个区，宣布竞选加拿大国会议员。虽然没有什么人认识他，但一个重要的因素帮助弥补了其知名度不高的问题，那就是来自当地知名华裔人士的支持。
“I’m very happy that I feel very well supported, surrounded by friends,” the candidate, Han Dong, said at a news conference.
候选人董晗鹏在新闻发布会上说：“感受到大家的大力支持，身边都是朋友，让我非常高兴。”
But a government-appointed special rapporteur said there was “well-grounded suspicion” Mr. Dong also had help from a hidden source as he vied for the Liberal Party’s nomination: the Chinese Consulate.
但一名政府任命的特别调查员表示，有“充分理由怀疑”，董晗鹏在争取自由党提名的过程中还得到了一个隐秘来源的帮助，那就是中国领事馆。
Mr. Dong’s victory — eventually propelling him to Parliament in 2019 — is one of several Canadian campaigns that have raised fears about Chinese election interference.
董晗鹏的胜利是加拿大几场引发中国干预选举担忧的竞选活动之一，这一胜利最终使他在2019年进入议会。
His case is almost certain to be a focus of a long-delayed public inquiry launched in September, just as Canada’s worries over foreign meddling broadened to include India, whose agents Prime Minister Justin Trudeau accused of killing a Canadian Sikh leader.
他的案子几乎肯定会成为今年9月启动的一项拖延已久的公开调查的焦点，与此同时，加拿大对外国干预的担忧还扩大到印度，加拿大总理特鲁多指控印度特工杀害了一名加拿大锡克教领袖。
The hearings are scheduled to start in January, focusing on the 2019 and 2021 elections.
听证会定于明年1月开始，重点是2019年和2021年的选举。
Canadian intelligence officials have long warned China is exploiting Canada’s election system by swaying votes in populous suburbs of Toronto and Vancouver, which can tip general elections.
加拿大情报官员长期以来一直警告，中国正在利用加拿大的选举制度，在人口稠密的多伦多和温哥华郊区左右选票，这可能会影响到大选结果。
In half a dozen cities with large Chinese diasporas, Beijing has increasingly deployed diplomats and proxies to undermine elected officials critical of it, especially on human rights, according to Canadian elected and intelligence officials.
据加拿大民选官员和情报官员称，在华人大量聚居的六座城市里，北京方面部署了更多的外交官和代理人，以削弱对其持批评态度的民选官员，尤其是在人权议题上批评中国的人。
On the flip side, officials say, Beijing and its allies have supported candidates considered friendly. Lawmakers are separately examining whether China interfered in the 2019 election to support 11 candidates in the Toronto area. Most belonged to Mr. Trudeau’s Liberal Party, according to Canadian news outlets, but only one — Mr. Dong — has been named.
The lawmakers began investigating after an extraordinary series of intelligence reports leaked to Canadian outlets, which reported that the Chinese Consulate funneled money to the 11 campaigns through intermediaries, and that some campaign staffers had consulate ties.
在一系列非同寻常的情报报告泄露给加拿大媒体后，议员们开始展开调查。这些报告称，中国领事馆通过中间人向这11个竞选团队提供资金，一些竞选工作人员与领事馆有联系。
Under President Xi Jinping’s aggressive foreign policy, China has tapped into diasporas worldwide to extend its reach, and interfered in elections in Asia, Canada, the United States and Australia, officials say.
But while nations like Australia have tried to curb Chinese interference, Canada has gone easy on Beijing, critics say. Mr. Trudeau — whose party is strong in districts with ethnic Chinese voters and who has been criticized over fund-raising events in wealthy Chinese-Canadians’ homes — long opposed calls for the public inquiry.
但批评人士说，虽然澳大利亚等国试图遏制中国的干涉，加拿大却对北京格外宽松。特鲁多的政党在华裔选区势力强大，他曾因在加拿大的华裔富豪家中举办筹款活动而受到批评。
“Civil society organizations like ours have repeatedly been warning our government about the dangers of the Chinese Communist Party’s infiltration, manipulation and intimidation on Canadian soil,” said Gloria Fung, the president of Canada-Hong Kong Link, a private organization focusing on Chinese interference. “Unfortunately, the Canadian government has not taken concrete, effective steps to combat foreign interference.”
“像我们这样的公民社会组织一再警告政府，中共在加拿大领土上进行渗透、操纵和恐吓的危险。”关注中国干涉问题的民间组织“港加联”主席冯玉兰说。“不幸的是，加拿大政府并没有采取具体有效的措施来打击外国的干涉。”
China’s embassy, which has consistently denied any interference, did not respond to requests for comment.
一直否认有任何干涉行为的中国大使馆没有回应置评请求。
Mr. Trudeau’s office and the ministry that oversees foreign interference declined interview requests. Mr. Dong also declined interview requests, but has publicly denied receiving the Chinese Consulate’s help.
特鲁多的办公室和负责外国干涉事务的部门拒绝了采访请求。董晗鹏也拒绝了采访，他一直公开否认接受了中国领事馆的帮助。
‘They dismiss Chinese interference’
“他们否认中国的干预”
While Mr. Dong campaigned in Don Valley North, a safe Liberal district, he found his most influential backers in Markham, just north of Toronto.
虽然是在自由党十拿九稳的选区北唐谷竞选，董晗鹏最具影响力的支持者却是在多伦多以北的万锦。
Ethnic Chinese account for nearly half Markham’s 340,000 residents. Chinese businesses dominate its strip malls and avenues. New arrivals from China have surged in recent decades, gaining prominence thanks to their wealth.
在万锦34万居民当中，华裔占到近一半。在这里的商业街和主干道上，华人的商铺占据主导地位。近几十年来，来自中国的新移民人数激增，且因富有而获得了显赫的地位。
The newcomers — who often have relatives in China and depend on consular ties for their businesses — give the Chinese government leverage in local affairs, according to elected officials and activists opposed to China’s crackdown in Hong Kong and its increasing influence in Canada.
民选官员和反对中国在香港的镇压行动以及中国在加拿大日益增长的影响力的活动人士表示，这些新移民往往在中国有亲戚，生意依赖领事关系，这给中国政府在当地事务中发挥影响力提供了条件。
Having pro-Beijing positions, or even being supported by Beijing, is not evidence of knowingly accepting support from China. There was no evidence that the 11 candidates in 2019 knew that the consulate or its proxies were helping them, according to The Globe and Mail. The government rapporteur said he had found no evidence Mr. Dong was aware of the consulate’s “potential involvement in his nomination.”
But under Mr. Xi, China has built support for its positions in diaspora communities and interfered in elections, according to intelligence and elected officials and experts.
但据情报机构、民选官员和专家称，习近平上台后，中国在海外华侨群体中赢得了支持，并干预了选举。
“They dismiss Chinese interference as anti-Asian, anti-Chinese racism,” said Joe Tay, a journalist who has worked for several Chinese-language outlets.
“他们认为说中国干涉其实是反亚裔、反华的种族主义，”曾在多家中文媒体工作的记者郑乔(Joe Tay)说。
Some Markham City Council members have consistently taken positions favorable to Beijing’s interests, current and former officials say. The council has rejected a proposal to create a lobbyist registry, which would have required councilors to disclose whom they meet, as well as a motion that would have prohibited China’s flag from being flown on city property.
有现任和前任官员说，一些万锦市议会成员一直采取有利于北京的立场。市议会否决了一项建立游说者登记制度的提案（该提案要求议员披露他们与谁会面），以及一项禁止在城市物业中升起中国国旗的动议。
Current and former members say the council tipped even more toward China with last year’s election of Deputy Mayor Michael Chan, a veteran of Canadian politics known for his fund-raising prowess in the Chinese-Canadian community.
现任和前任议员表示，随着去年副市长陈国治当选，该市议会变得更加亲华。陈国治是加拿大政界的资深人士，以其在华裔选区的筹款能力而闻名。
In 2015, The Globe and Mail revealed that Canada’s top intelligence official had warned the Ontario government that Mr. Chan was too close to Toronto’s Chinese Consulate and under undue influence. Ontario’s premier at the time expressed full confidence in him.
2015年，《环球邮报》披露，加拿大最高情报官员曾警告安大略省政府，陈国治与多伦多的中国领事馆关系过于密切，受到了不正当的影响。当时的安大略省省长表示了对他的充分信任。
His entrance into local politics surprised many.
他进入地方政坛令许多人感到惊讶。
“As deputy mayor, Michael Chan is generally doing a good job,” said Reid McAlpine, a councilor who pressed for the lobbyist registry, partly to fight foreign meddling.
“作为副市长，陈国治总体上做得不错，”议员里德·麦卡尔平说，他力促建立说客登记制度，部分原因是为了打击外国干预。
“But there is an elephant in the room,” he said. He believed China’s strategy was not to interfere in daily affairs, he said, but “to get the right people in the right place in the long run, just to create a more general influence and that you’ve got allies in place when issues arise.”
“但现在房间里有一头大象，”他说。他认为中国的战略不是干涉日常事务，他说道，而是“从长远来看，把合适的人放在合适的位置上，只是为了产生更广泛的影响力，当问题出现时，你有合适的盟友”。
Mr. Chan declined to comment.
陈国治拒绝置评。
“There’s no question in my mind, no question, that there has been interference,” said Don Hamilton, a former deputy mayor. He added that, after his unsuccessful run for mayor, he was interviewed by intelligence officials about possible interference.
“我心里对存在干涉没有疑问，毫无疑问，”前副市长唐·汉密尔顿说。他还表示，竞选市长失败后，情报官员就可能存在干扰的问题和他进行过面谈。
A well-connected Liberal backer
人脉广泛的自由党支持者
Mr. Chan was one of Mr. Dong’s most important campaign supporters, but the extent of his involvement is unclear.
虽然陈国治是董晗鹏竞选的最重要支持者之一，但前者参与后者竞选活动的程度目前尚不清楚。
In February, Global News reported Mr. Chan was being investigated by Canada’s intelligence agency for providing political information to Chinese diplomats and orchestrating Mr. Dong’s nomination.
据环球新闻今年2月报道，加拿大情报机构正在对陈国治进行调查，原因是他把政治信息提供给了中国外交官，并策划了董晗鹏的提名。
Citing intelligence officials, the network said Mr. Chan had used his influence inside the Liberal Party to oust an incumbent — who had angered Chinese diplomats by planning to visit Taiwan.
该新闻网引用情报官员的话说，陈国治曾利用自己在自由党内部的影响力推翻了一名在任议员，该议员访问台湾的计划曾激怒中国外交官。
Canada’s intelligence agency declined to comment on specific cases. But a spokesman, Eric Balsam, said the agency has seen an increase in the “frequency and sophistication” of state-sponsored interference seeking “to covertly influence decisions, events, or election outcomes to better suit their strategic interests.”
加拿大情报机构拒绝就具体案件发表评论。但发言人埃里克·巴尔萨姆说，情报部门发现，背后有国家支持的试图“秘密影响决策、事件或选举结果，以更好地满足其战略利益”的干涉活动，在“频率和复杂程度”上都有所增加。
Born in China in 1951, Mr. Chan immigrated to Canada in the late 1960s. He owned an insurance business and became active in Markham’s Liberal Party before being elected a provincial lawmaker in 2007 and holding several provincial government positions.
陈国治1951年出生在中国，在20世纪60年代末移民加拿大。他拥有一家保险公司，加入了万锦的自由党，成了一名活跃的成员，后来在2007年当选了省议员，并在省政府担任过多个职位。
Jack Heath, a former Markham deputy mayor and Liberal veteran, described Mr. Chan as “extremely likable” and “very good at fund-raising.”
曾任万锦副市长的自由党资深人士杰克·希思把陈国治描述为“非常讨人喜欢”，“非常擅于筹款”。
That year, he backed Mr. Dong.
那年，他支持董晗鹏参选。
Speaking to a room full of Chinese-language journalists, Mr. Dong, himself an immigrant from China, said he had the ability to speak to residents, “whether it’s Mandarin, Cantonese or English.’’
在对一屋子的中文记者讲话时，同样来自中国的移民董晗鹏说，自己有能力与居民交谈，“无论是用普通话、粤语，还是英语。”
‘Robust’ rules under question
“严格的”规则受到质疑
After clinching the Liberal candidacy, Mr. Dong cruised to a general election victory.
董晗鹏在赢得了自由党候选人初选后，在大选中轻松获胜。
A Liberal spokesman said Mr. Dong was nominated according to the party’s “robust” rules.
自由党的一名发言人说，董晗鹏的提名是按照该党“严格的”规则进行的。
But the party election was marked by “irregularities,” including the “busing in of people and students” to cast ballots for Mr. Dong, according to the government rapporteur. Global News, citing intelligence officials, reported that those people included Chinese international students with fake addresses.
但据政府特派调查员的说法，自由党的初选中有“违规行为”，包括“用大巴将选民和学生运去”为董晗鹏投票。环球新闻引用情报官员的话说，参加投票的人中包括使用虚假地址的中国留学生。
Experts say the irregularities stemmed from lax party rules. Noncitizens can vote in party elections as long as they are permanent residents living in a district. People can vote in Liberal elections after 14 days of party membership, which Mr. Trudeau made free to make the party more inclusive.
专家表示，出现这些违规行为是因为自由党内部没有严格按照规定去做。加拿大允许非公民在党内选举中投票，但他们必须是在选区居住的永久居民。选民在加入自由党14天后就可以在党内选举中投票，特鲁多为使自由党更有包容性，已让加入该党变为免费。
The government rapporteur described nominations as not properly regulated, indicating they were a source of worry for Canada’s intelligence agency.
据政府特派调查员的描述，自由党对党内提名过程未得到适当监督，让这些过程成为加拿大情报机构担忧的原因。
“With respect to foreign interference," said Rob Currie-Wood, a University of Alberta expert, “there can be hostile actors that leverage this inclusivity to try and make gains.”
“就外国干涉而言，可能会有敌对行为者利用这种包容性来试图获取利益，”阿尔伯塔大学的专家罗布·居里-伍德说。
Judi Codd, Liberal Party president in Don Valley North, declined to comment.
北唐谷选区的自由党主席朱迪·科德拒绝置评。
Mr. Dong gathered other heavyweight endorsements from people regarded as close to Beijing.
董晗鹏也得到了其他被认为与北京关系密切的重量级人士的支持。
John McCallum — who was fired as Canada’s ambassador to China for making comments that appeared to side with Beijing during a diplomatic crisis — sent his “full support and endorsement,” according to the news conference emcee. Mr. McCallum declined to comment.
曾任加拿大驻华大使的麦家廉(John McCallum)因在一次外交危机期间发表似乎站在北京一边的言论而被撤职。据董晗鹏竞选国会议员新闻发布会的主持人说，麦家廉对董晗鹏参选表示“全力支持和认可”。麦家廉拒绝就此文置评。
Mr. Dong also had the backing of Wei Chengyi, the owner of Foody Mart, a supermarket chain.
董晗鹏还得到了连锁超市丰泰的老板魏成义的支持。
Global News reported, citing intelligence sources, that Mr. Wei was under investigation for helping the consulate support Mr. Dong and other candidates.
Chinese-Canadian activists say Mr. Wei has long pressed China’s interests, citing his leadership role in the Confederation of Toronto Chinese Canadian Organizations.
加拿大的华裔活动人士说，魏成义长期以来一直在推动中国的利益，他们举出的例子包括他在多伦多华人团体联合总会的领导作用。
The Confederation has publicly supported China on key issues, including a 2020 national security law giving Beijing sweeping powers over Hong Kong, and a failed effort for the Toronto school board to host the Chinese government’s cultural and language program.
The Confederation did not return calls seeking comment from it and Mr. Wei.
联合总会没有回复记者寻求该机构和魏成义置评的电话。
As a Liberal lawmaker, Mr. Dong hewed to the party line, except on a critical vote: He skipped a unanimous vote, led by Mr. Trudeau, to resettle 10,000 Uyghurs fleeing Chinese persecution.
作为一名自由党议员，董晗鹏遵循党的路线，但在一次关键投票时例外：他没有参加对特鲁多牵头支持的议案的投票，这项关于帮助一万名逃离中国迫害的维吾尔人在加拿大定居的议案获得了国会的全票通过。
Initially, Mr. Trudeau described Mr. Dong as “an outstanding member of our team.” In June, three months after Mr. Dong became an independent, Mr. Trudeau tempered his remarks, saying only that he looked forward to talking “about whether he wants to come back” to the Liberals.
最初，特鲁多曾把董晗鹏描述为“我们团队的一名杰出成员”。今年6月，也就是董晗鹏退党成为一名独立人士的三个月后，特鲁多缓和了说法，只是说他期待着就“他是否想重新加入”自由党进行谈判。
Mr. Dong immediately expressed his desire to do just that. Half a year later, he has yet to be invited back.
董晗鹏马上表示那正是他的愿望。半年过去了，自由党还没有将他邀请回来。