Reuters-Key takeaways from the 2023 G20 summit in New Delhi
September 10, 2023 3 min 628 words
这篇报道涵盖了2023年新德里G20峰会的重要内容，让我们来分析一下。 首先，G20领导人在克服对乌克兰战争的深刻分歧后，成功地达成了共识文件，这是一个积极的信号。尽管在涉及乌克兰问题时，G20采取了相对较温和的措辞，没有直接批评俄罗斯，但这被认为是出于外交考虑，因为明显的谴责不太可能被俄罗斯接受。总体而言，这一共识有助于阻止强权国家通过武力夺取领土。 印度、巴西、印尼和南非在避免G20在乌克兰冲突上分裂方面发挥了关键作用，这反映了全球南方发展中国家在该组织中的不断增强的影响力。此外，非洲联盟正式成为G20的永久成员，这一决定旨在使G20更具代表性，从而为全球南方在G20中发声提供更大机会。 美国、沙特阿拉伯和印度等国领导人宣布了在中东和南亚之间建立铁路和港口连接的计划，这是一项重要的基础设施合作。然而，报道指出，尚未提供有关项目融资或时间表的具体细节。 在气候变化方面，G20领导人同意到2030年全球可再生能源产能要增加三倍，并承认有必要逐步减少未经抑制的煤电。尽管这是一步积极的方向，但G20没有提供修改现有政策和目标以实现可再生能源目标的计划。此外，对于实现绿色能源转型需要每年4万亿美元的估算，也没有提供具体的路径。 最后，对于印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪来说，G20峰会是一个展示印度作为一个有影响力的外交和经济大国的机会，同时也是推动投资和贸易流向全球人口最多的国家的平台。对莫迪来说，这次峰会的成功结果显示了印度的大时刻已经到来。 总的来说，这篇报道提供了对2023年G20峰会的重要见解，突出了在乌克兰问题、全球南方国家的崛起、基础设施合作和气候变化方面的关键发展。虽然取得了一些进展，但还需要更多具体的行动和计划来解决这些全球性挑战。
Leaders of the world's 20 big economies ended a summit in the Indian capital on Sunday overcoming deep divisions over the war in Ukraine to produce a consensus document and move forward on issues such overhauling institutions like the World Bank.
They also formally admitted the African Union to the bloc to make the grouping more representative.
G20 nations agreed that states cannot grab territory by force and highlighted the suffering of the people of Ukraine, but avoided direct criticism of Russia for the war. The declaration was seen as an apparent softening from the position that the G20 took last year when it condemned Russia for the war and demanded that it withdraw from Ukraine.
Diplomats said Russia would never have accepted an outright condemnation and that it was still a successful outcome because everyone including Russia committed themselves to not seizing territory by force.
Host India along with Brazil, Indonesia and South Africa, played a key role in avoiding a fracturing of the G20 over the Ukraine conflict, officials said, reflecting the growing power of the Global South developing nations in the group.
The 55-member African Union was formally made permanent member of the G20, on par with the European Union, in order to make the grouping more representative. Until now only South Africa was a member of the G20. The entry of the AU would provide greater voice to the Global South within the G20 where the G7 countries have long played a dominant role.
The move also came after the BRICs, another group dominated by China and Russia, was expanded to include Saudi Arabia and Iran among other nations which was seen as an attempt by Beijing to make it a possible alternate to the G20.
Leaders of the United States, India and Saudi Arabia among others announced plans to set up rail and ports links between the Middle East and South Asia and eventually to Europe which U.S. President Joe Biden said was a "real big deal."
The Biden administration is seeking to counter China's Belt and Road push on global infrastructure by pitching Washington as an alternative partner and investor for developing countries at the G20 grouping.
But there were no details about financing or a time frame for the project that involved laying down railway lines in the Middle East and then connecting them to India by port.
The G20 leaders agreed to pursue tripling renewable energy capacity globally by 2030 and accepted the need to phase-down unabated coal power, but stopped short of setting major climate goals.
The group did not provide any plan to amend existing policies and targets in order to achieve the target of ramping of renewables. It also said $4 trillion a year would be needed to pay for a green energy transition but did not lay out any pathway to it.
The deliberations of the G20 were being closely watched ahead of the COP28 U.N climate summit in the United Arab Emirates later this year.
For Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the leadership of the G20 has been a year-long opportunity to showcase India as an influential diplomatic and economic power, and drive investment and trade flows into the world's most populous country.
It has also provided him a platform to boost his standing at home as he seeks a third term in office in elections in the next several months. Modi's image has been on G20 billboards across the capital and in the vast and swanky new conference venue. To his supporters the successful outcome of the summit showed India's big moment had arrived.