「中英」球员拒唱国歌、女演员摘下头巾：伊朗名人支持国内抗议

At the World Cup in Qatar, Iran’s soccer players on Monday declined to sing their country’s national anthem. In Tehran, two well-known actresses were arrested over the weekend for defiantly removing their head scarves. And at least nine prominent Iranians were summoned for questioning for daring to criticize the authorities.

周一在卡塔尔世界杯上，伊朗足球运动员拒绝唱本国的国歌。周末在德黑兰，两名知名女演员因公然摘下头巾而被捕。至少有九名知名伊朗人因批评当局而被传唤接受讯问。

High-profile Iranians are increasingly making public gestures of support for the protests that have gripped the country for the past two months, posting photos and messages critical of the government on social media, or flouting the country’s strict hijab laws.

过去两个月，抗议活动席卷该国，越来越多的知名伊朗人公开表示支持，在社交媒体上发布批评政府的照片和信息，或蔑视该国严格的头巾法。

In perhaps the most dramatic display, televised around the world, Iran’s national soccer team stood silently as the national anthem was played before a game against England on Monday, while some Iran fans in the stands sang the pre-revolutionary national anthem instead.

周一，在对阵英格兰的比赛前，伊朗国家足球队在国歌奏响时保持沉默，而看台上的一些伊朗球迷则唱起革命前的国歌，这一全球转播的场景或许是对抗议做出的最引人注目的支持。

Fans carrying pre-revolutionary flags — viewed as a symbol of protest against Iran’s theocratic government — were barred from entering the stadium in Qatar on Monday for the Iranian team’s opening match against England unless they surrendered them. At least one fan held up a “Woman! Life! Freedom!” sign during the match, and some Iranian fans could be heard chanting “without honor” — both slogans adopted by protesters in Iran to condemn the Iranian regime and security forces.

周一，携带革命前国旗的观众被禁止进入卡塔尔体育场参加伊朗队对阵英格兰队的首场比赛，除非他们交出这种被视为抗议伊朗神权政府象征的旗帜。在比赛期间，至少有一名观众举起“女性！生命！自由！”的标牌，可以听到一些伊朗球迷高呼“没有荣誉”——这两个口号都是伊朗抗议者用来谴责伊朗政权和安全部队的口号。

The displays at the World Cup highlighted the extent to which many prominent Iranians, including artists, musicians and athletes, have publicly come out in support of the protest movement.

世界杯上的抗议表现凸显了包括艺术家、音乐家和运动员在内的许多知名伊朗人公开支持抗议运动的程度。

Anger over the country’s dress restrictions for women and their enforcement helped fueled the protests. They were sparked by the death of Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old Iranian Kurdish woman, in the custody of the morality police in September after she was accused of violating the law on head scarves. But they have morphed into broader calls to end the Islamic Republic.

人们对该国针对女性着装的限制及执法感到愤怒，引发了抗议活动。9月，22岁的伊朗库尔德女子玛莎·阿米尼在被指控违反头巾相关法律后死于道德警察的拘留期间，成为抗议活动的导火索。但抗议活动已经演变为推翻伊斯兰共和国的广泛呼吁。

Some 15,000 Iranians have been arrested and several hundred killed after two months of protests and a heavy crackdown by the authorities in dozens of cities across Iran, according to rights groups.

Many high-profile Iranians, among them musicians, artists and journalists, have been targeted by the authorities for coming out in support of the protesters, in what appears to be an effort to undercut the momentum of the largely leaderless movement.

许多伊朗名人，包括音乐家、艺术家和记者因为站出来支持抗议者而受到当局针对，意在削弱这场基本上没有领导者的运动的势头。

Two prominent actresses, Hengameh Ghaziani and Katayoun Riahi, were arrested on Sunday for removing their head scarves and participating in the protests, according to state-run news media. The actresses were charged with “collusion with the intention of acting against the state security” and “propaganda against the state,” IRNA, Iran’s state-run news agency, said.

据官方新闻媒体报道，两名著名女演员亨加梅·加齐亚尼和卡塔扬·里亚希周日因摘下头巾和参加抗议活动而被捕。伊朗官方通讯社伊通社称，两名女演员被指控“以危害国家安全的意图串通”和“反国家宣传”。

In a statement posted to her personal Instagram account on Saturday, Ms. Ghaziani, 52, denounced the government for their crackdown on the young people who have joined the demonstrations.

“How many children, teenagers and young people have you killed — is it not enough with the bloodshed?” she said in her post. “I hate you, and your historical reputation.”

“你们杀了多少儿童、少年和青年人——流血还不够吗？”她在帖子中说。“我恨你们，还有你们在历史上的名声。”

“This may be my last post,” she added.

“这可能是我最后一次发言，”她写道。

Ms. Ghaziani was arrested the next day, hours after uploading another video, from the streets of Tehran, in which she is seen staring defiantly into the camera with no head covering before turning her back and tying a ponytail in her hair.

第二天，加齐亚尼上传了另一段来自德黑兰街头的视频，数小时后被捕，视频中她没有戴头巾，不屑地盯着镜头，然后转过身来，在头发上扎了一个马尾辫。

“From this moment on, whatever happens to me, know that I will be with the people of Iran until my last breath,” she wrote in the post, which garnered an outpouring of support and concern over her fate as it coursed through social media.

她在帖子中写道：“从这一刻起，无论我发生什么事，直到最后一口气，我都会和伊朗人民在一起。”随着帖子在社交媒体上传播，人们对她的遭遇给予大量支持和关注。

Ms. Ghaziani was taken to the prosecutor’s office hours later by security personnel, who said that the charges against her included “communication with opposition and counterrevolutionary media,” according to IRNA.

几小时后，安全人员将加齐亚尼带到检察官办公室，据伊通社报道，安全人员称对她的指控包括“与反对派和反革命媒体往来”。

Ms. Riahi, 60, who was also arrested on Sunday, removed her hijab publicly in mid-September in an Instagram post and for an interview with the TV channel Iran International, in which she said she had always opposed the law and was ready “to show the truth.”

60岁的里亚希也在周日被捕，9月中旬，她在Instagram帖子中公开摘掉了头巾，并在接受伊朗国际电视频道采访时表示，她一直反对这项法律，并准备好“展示真相”。

Security forces arrested her at her villa in Qazvin, northwest of Tehran, according to the semiofficial news agency Tasnim.

A number of prominent Iranians, including “five movie personalities” were summoned to the prosecutor’s office on Saturday for publishing “unverified comments about the recent events, as well as the publication of provocative material in support of street riots,” according to the news agency Mizan, which is owned by the Iranian judiciary. The agency did not give a total number for those summoned, but named nine people.

据该通讯社报道，包括“五位电影名人”在内的一些伊朗名人周六被传唤到检察官办公室，根据伊朗司法机构拥有的新闻机构平衡社(Mizan)称，传唤的原因是他们“就最近事件发表了未经证实的评论，以及发表支持街头骚乱的挑衅性内容”。该机构没有透露共有多少人被传唤，但列出了九人的名字

Over the course of the demonstrations, filmmakers and actors across the country’s celebrated film sector have been speaking out publicly in support of the demonstrations, defying a widespread crackdown on the cinema industry that preceded Ms. Amini’s death.

示威期间，伊朗备受推崇的电影界的诸多制片人和演员不顾阿米尼去世后当局对电影行业的广泛镇压，都公开表达了支持。

The Iranian regime’s relationship with its internationally acclaimed cinema industry has been historically complicated as it has tried to claim credit for the sector’s success abroad while policing its messaging and reach.

伊朗政府与其蜚声国际的电影业关系历来复杂，它试图将该行业在海外取得的成功归功于自身，同时又在控制该行业的信息传递和影响力。

“We as filmmakers have faced many red lines in the past years, such as the prohibition of topics like child-killing and violence against children,” the Iranian Short Film Association said in a statement last week, adding that now those scenes of violence were playing out on the streets of their cities at the hands of the government. “From now on, we will live and work in the reality.”

“作为电影人，我们在过去几年面临着许多红线，比如禁止拍摄杀害儿童和针对儿童的暴力的主题，”伊朗短片协会上周在一份声明中表示，并称现在这些政府所为的暴力场面正在他们的城市街头上演。“从现在开始，我们将在这样的现实中工作和生活。”

The actress Taraneh Alidoosti attracted global attention earlier this month after she appeared in an Instagram post without a head scarf holding a placard emblazoned with the “Woman! Life! Freedom!” slogan.

Last week, Asghar Farhadi, the acclaimed Iranian director, joined a chorus of condemnations of the death of a 10-year-old boy, Kian Pirfalak, who was killed when his family’s car came under automatic weapons fire.

上周，伊朗著名导演阿斯哈·法斯蒂对10岁男童基安·皮尔法拉克的死也发出了谴责，后者因家人的汽车遭到自动武器攻击身亡。

“You will pay for the blood of these pure children that you have killed,” Mr. Farhadi said in an Instagram post.

“你们会为杀害这些无辜孩童的血债付出代价，”法斯蒂在Instagram上表示。

The movie industry is not the only entertainment sector embroiled in the crackdown.

电影业并不是唯一遭受镇压的娱乐行业。

At least 19 prominent Iranian artists have been arrested since the start of the protests, according to a list compiled by The Center for Human Rights in Iran, a New York-based advocacy group, a New York-based advocacy group.

根据总部位于纽约的倡议组织伊朗人权中心统计的一份名单，自抗议活动开始以来，至少有19名伊朗著名艺人被捕。

Toomaj Salehi, a rapper who was arrested after releasing music in support of the demonstrations, has been detained since late October in Tehran’s Evin prison complex, which is notorious for widespread human rights violations.

说唱歌手图玛·萨利希在发布支持示威的音乐后被捕，自10月下旬以来一直被关押在德黑兰的埃文监狱，那里因普遍的侵犯人权而臭名昭著。

Iranian athletes in various sports have seemingly made gestures in recent competitions that were interpreted as support for the national protests, led by women.

在最近的比赛里，伊朗各体育项目的运动员似乎也做出了一些姿态，被解读为支持由女性领导的全国抗议活动。

The climber Elnaz Rekabi competed without wearing a hijab in South Korea in October. (She later said it was inadvertent, although many believe her explanation was made under duress by Iranian authorities.) At an international beach soccer competition in early November, Saeed Piramoon scored the winning goal for Iran and held both hands above his head, mimicking the cutting of hair that some women have rebelliously done in the protests.

But soccer, and the beloved Team Melli, as the national team is known, has been perhaps the most high-profile sport to have been affected by the protests. One of the people summoned for questioning by the authorities in Tehran over the weekend was a former defender on Iran’s national soccer team, Yahya Golmohammadi.

但足球——以及备受喜爱的国家队“梅里之队”——可能是受抗议活动影响的最引人注目的体育项目。上周末，前国家足球队后卫叶海亚·戈尔穆哈马迪成了被德黑兰当局传唤的对象之一。

Players on Iran’s national team and in its domestic soccer league have recently become emboldened in supporting the protests by not singing the country’s national anthem and by declining to celebrate goals scored. That carried into the World Cup match against England on Monday, which Iran lost 6-2. There was no celebration by Iranian players after either of their goals.

伊朗国家队和国内足球联赛的球员近来对抗议活动拿出了更大胆的支持，他们拒唱国歌，也拒绝庆祝进球。这种情况延续到了周一2比6负于英格兰的世界杯比赛中。在两粒进球之后，伊朗球员都没有庆祝。

Speaking at a news conference on Sunday before Iran’s first match, against England, Ehsan Hajsafi, the team’s captain, said, “We have to accept that the conditions in our country are not right and our people are not happy.”

周日，在与英格兰首秀前的新闻发布会上，男足队长伊桑·哈吉萨菲表示，“我们必须接受这样一个事实，即我们国家的情况不对劲，我们的人民也不幸福。”

“We are here, but it does not mean that we should not be their voice, or we must not respect them,” he added.

“我们来到这里，但这不意味着我们不应该成为他们的声音，或是我们不能尊重他们，”他还说。

Carlos Queiroz, the Portuguese coach of the Iranian national team, told reporters last week that players were free to protest “as long as it conforms with the World Cup regulations and is in the spirit of the game.”

伊朗男足的葡萄牙籍主教练卡洛斯·奎罗斯上周对记者表示，“只要在世界杯规则允许的范围内，并且符合体育精神”，球员可以自由抗议。

The players find themselves in a difficult position. Displays of activism carry the risk of reprisal from Iranian authorities, especially for players who must return home to play in Iran’s domestic soccer league.

球员则发现自己处境尴尬。行动主义的表达有遭到伊朗当局报复的风险，尤其是对必须回国参加伊朗国内足球联赛的球员。

To show no solidarity with the protests could lead to harsh criticism from fans; many do not believe Iran should participate in this World Cup because of the unrest in the country. Some activists had called for Iran to be banned from the tournament. More recently, some fans were outraged when photos emerged of the players in frivolous, celebratory poses as children were being killed in the protests.

不表达对抗议的支持可能招致球迷的严厉批评；许多人认为伊朗因为国内的动荡本不该参加本届世界杯。一些活动人士呼吁禁止伊朗参加该赛事。最近，就在儿童在抗议中遇害的同时，有球员摆出不正经庆祝姿势的照片流出，一些球迷感到非常愤怒。

“Iran is a nation of soccer fanatics, but I think decades from now what Iranians will remember most about this World Cup is not who played well, but who showed heart,” said Karim Sadjadpour, an Iran expert and senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, in a recent email.

“伊朗是一个对足球狂热的国家，但我认为多年后，伊朗人民对这届世界杯最难忘的记忆不是谁踢了好球，而是谁拿出了勇气，”伊朗问题专家、卡内基国际和平基金会高级研究员卡里姆·萨贾德普尔在最近一封电子邮件中表示。